We landed in Georgetown, Guyanas capital, on November 14, 1978. ", Crimes for which children went to the well included "stealing food from the kitchen, expressing homesickness, failing a socialism exam, or even natural childish rebelliousness.". Jones had become increasingly paranoid, convinced that the CIA, the FBI and the media were out to destroy him. Larry Layton, a former member of the People's Temple, broke into tears today at his trial on charges of conspiring to commit murder as his attorney told jurors not to make him a scapegoat ''for the horror of Jonestown.''. Ryan was gunned down by a band of temple members intent on stopping the visitors from leaving and reporting the doings of the cult to the outside world. He got a job as a student pastor at the Somerset Methodist Church in a poor, predominantly white neighborhood in Indianapolis. He was not paroled from an American prison until 2002. [32] By 2010, Lawton had shipped 10,000 DVDs across the country. He treasured it. Anyone can read what you share. Nearly 300 children were administered the poison, including a number of infants in the arms of their parents. LOS ANGELES, Dec. 3 Her name was Lisa Philips and she was so beautiful that friends said she looked like Hedy Lamarr. Bodies lay crumpled on the tarmac around me. [35][36] It also hosts an annual bowling tournament. She looks away for a moment, then brightens and starts to talk about a visit she made to Jonestown only a few months ago, accompanied by a crew from the Arts & Entertainment network, which is making a documentary on Peoples Temple. After she left, he discovered that she had given a number of family valuables to the People's Temple. Leo Ryan wanted answers. With its bell-ringing calls for social justice -- this was in the fractious 1960s and early '70s -- the little-known church near Ukiah catered to the closet revolutionary in Deborah Layton. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. Ryan joined us for the trekone of roughly two dozen of us crammed in the bed of the truck, with dozens of would-be defectors left behind, belongings packed, waiting to escape. After his campaign received my note, I started volunteering as a Ryan Girl, part of a troop of young women clad in houndstooth bobby hats, miniskirts, black tights, black turtlenecks and bright-white boots. Jim Jones with a group of children living at Jonestown, circa 1978. Although he had no formal training as a minister and no affiliation with any organized religion, his high-octane enthusiasm and open-armed policy attracted a diverse range of followers. Larry Layton, a former member of the People's Temple cult, was sentenced today to life in prison for aiding and abetting in the murder of Representative Leo J. Ryan at a jungle airstrip in Guyana . . An uncle, Dr. James Franck, won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1935. I wanted to be part of something that was doing things for other people, and besides, Peoples Temple offered a community of friends. [10] In 2012, Lawton self-published Gangster Redemption, an autobiography co-written with Peter Golenbock. Later, after being barred from the university as a Jew, Lisa took training as physical therapist, which was permitted by the Nazis. When Deborah came home from school in England in 1971, she brought a boyfriend, George Philip Blakey, a fellow Quaker and the son of a welltodo farming family in Northumberland. [2] The book is published in Italy, France, Australia, Germany, Thailand and United Kingdom. January 15, 2007. [42][13], Lawton has made many media appearances. Her life appears to be light-years from Peoples Temple. Layton joined the temple in the summer of 1968 at Redwood Valley, Calif., near the town of Ukiah, after his wife, Carolyn, became interested in the social philosophy of Jones, preaching from his wooded compound. Ryan did not look or behave like your typical politician. . Larry Layton, who posed as a defector, was captured after badly wounding two people inside a plane trying to take off. Not long after she left, her parents were rounded up with other Jews and placed on a train to a death camp. But, she said, I had to tell somebody what was happening in Jonestown. Jones greeted us at the compound. To the volatile flight home. Traumatizing family rifts erupted on the spot, with mothers and fathers engaged in literal tug-of-wars over their children. Deborah said that before her escape she had obtained a bottle of wine and taken it to the commune against Mr. Jones's rules. As soon as it became clear that we would be bringing more than one or two defectors home with us, the communal faade cracked. ''Why not pin this on Larry Layton, then close the book and not look at the hard questions of why Leo Ryan and all those Americans died?'' As I shook his hand, I looked at his sideburns. Behind the wheel of an airplane, I waited for the shooting to stop and said my Act of Contrition, praying for forgiveness and waiting for the lights to go out. Be the first to contribute! (It was the 60s.) Almost 22 hours after the ambush, I heard the groan of a planes enginefinally our escape had arrived. His father was a research scientist. Lisa Layton's youngest son, Larry, is now under arrest in Guyana, accused of murdering Representative Leo J. Ryan and four other persons in the attack that eventually led Mr. Jones to order the mass deaths. UNDAUNTED: Surviving Jonestown, Summoning Courage, and Fighting Back, write a letter to President Jimmy Carter extolling Joness work, California's road to recovery runs through D.C. Republicans, Why New Jerseys ventilator guidelines may favor younger, whiter patients, Rhode Island ends specific restrictions on New Yorkers by making them national. Its hard to know when it became obvious that he was dead, or when I realized that others werent pretending. The land later became the site of a large Union Carbide plant. Ive shared my Guyana story countless times, but its still a challenge to go back and relive those days. Later, Jones also became enamoured of the new Mrs. Layton and soon added her, too, to his growing harem of temple members. [19][20] One bullet narrowly missed Lawton, but struck his brother. bout wiki. I had read the articles and listened to hours of testimony. Indescribable pain consumed me, leaving room only for a fleeting thought that I should pretend to be dead. Twenty years ago this month, Jones and 912 of his followers committed mass suicide at the jungle compound. Oh my God: Its true. There were piles of used syringes at the scene. Dr. Layton was perplexed by his wife's behavior but began sleeping beside her on the floor. Increasing numbers of people approached us. Hours later at the Jonestown emcampment, Jones led the death rite of himself and his followers. Mr. Jones, Deborah said, callously gave Mrs. Layton that news. ADDRESSES: Home Berkeley, CA. Mr. Layton was also convicted of conspiracy in the attempted murder of Richard C. Dwyer, the deputy chief of the United States mission to Guyana, who was among those wounded at the airstrip. It was impossible to cope with the pain. That date was later moved back to April 2004, after the board credited him for his time in the Georgetown jail. Over the next decade, Jones moved his congregation and changed its name several times before settling on Peoples Temple around 1964. To access these PDF files you must have the free Adobe Reader installed. He was born June 30, 1940 in Long Branch NJ to William and Edna (Keller) Layton. Almost immediately, Jones ordered Layton to Jonestown. By all accounts, Layton was on a small plane about to leave Jonestown when the plot to kill Ryan was set in motion. Mr. Layton's first trial ended in a mistrial on Sept. 26, 1981, when the jury was unable to reach a verdict on any of the counts. ''I feel a tremendous amount of guilt and remorse for the events that happened,'' he said. Dr. Layton recalls that his wife began to resist his sexual advances and, when he protested, offered to move out. Everybody bolted in different directions. Perhaps death is better than this.". Judge Peckham also set April 21 for a hearing on a motion for a new trial filed by Mr. Layton's new defense attorney, Robert R. Bryan. [15][18] Local police believed there was a connection between this robbery and a robbery that took place in May 1994 in Daytona Beach, and contacted the FBI. Inquisitive by nature, he was a proponent of experiential legislating, preferring to go out and experience issues firsthand before he decided what to do. Congressman Ryan and I were among the first shift of the delegation to climb in for the excruciatingly slow six-mile drive to the commune. By the following year, Jones was making a reputation for himself in. [11] He then began robbing jewelry stores along the Atlantic Coast,[3] using his contacts within the Gambino crime family to fence the stolen merchandise. [13], In May 1994, three males robbed a jewelry store in Daytona Beach, Florida, netting $500,000 (nearly $950,000 in 2022)[14] worth of gold and diamonds. This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. Religion: "Raised as a Quaker." Hobbies and other interests: Theater, music, painting, gardening. Larry Layton was the only person prosecuted for any of the events in and around Jonestown. In 1972, Mr. Jones married Deborah Layton and Philip Blakey. This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. See the article in its original context from. [10] High school students can use the time spent in the program towards the 75 hours of community service required for the Bright Futures Scholarship Program. I was beaten once a month. And it wasn't an isolated incident. She arrived in London at 16, was met by some cousins and got what she would later call the biggest surprise of her life: I discovered that I was Jewish.. "[27] Another time he said: "I had my arms pinned down, and I was beaten and peed on by the guards. The spellbinding preacher had a message that attracted many disaffected people of the 1960's, and soon Carolyn had stirred her husband's sense of social activism and brought him into the group. He attended Berkeley High School and was the editor of a campus newspaper called The Liberal. In June, she filed an affidavit with the State Department detailing the horrors in Jonestown, but got no response. Whatever impelled me to send in the card changed the course of my life. Ryan and I asked one or two Temple members at a time to come talk to us. Repeatedly, the defectors mentioned forced participation in mass-suicide rehearsals known as the White Night trials.. '', See the article in its original context from. Original release. When people refer to the Jonestown massacre as a mass suicide, I am enraged. Mr. Ryan, three journalists and a cult defector were killed and 11 others were wounded. ''They were trying to deny the horror of Jonestown and the deception that they underwent,'' Mr. Tamburello said. At one point, Congressman Ryan interrupted our tour to make sure that the press and Concerned Relatives had been given the transportation to join us. The robbers had been there the day before and returned asking about a ring. Nearly 30 years later, her mother long dead in a rotting jungle outpost in Guyana, her brother doing life in a federal prison and her father so broken that he weeps at the mention of anything connected with Jones-, town, Deborah Layton has, as she put it the other day, "decided it was time to come out of the cobwebbed attic.". '', He said that Mr. Layton ''did not kill anybody'' at the airstrip, nor did he ''aid and abet or conspire to kill Leo Ryan.'' March 5, 1999. Jonestown was the agricultural compound Jones' followers carved out of the Guyanese jungle, 150 miles northwest of the nation's capital, Georgetown. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. The store owner managed to break free and grabbed a .38 caliber pistol and fired five shots at the robbers as they fled. Larry Layton, Quaker and pacifist, entered the Peoples Temple in 1968 to join the march to social justice as charted by the temple's mesmerizing leader, the Rev. Chief among my concerns was how cozy Jones appeared to be with members of the embassy: How could any Jonestown resident feel safe reporting an injustice to a U.S. official who is arm in arm with Jim Jones in every image? At both trials here the prosecution presented a confession signed by Mr. Layton in Guyana shortly after the killings, saying that he took ''full responsibility'' for the deaths at the airstrip but also saying, ''I don't know why I did it. They swallowed poison capsules in a suicide attempt and were removed, unconscious, from the train. ''It is not the proper forum for answering questions about Jonestown.'' She said that she knew that to do so would endanger her mother and brother because Mr. Jones kept dissident members in line by holding relatives hostage. He had engineered complete authoritycollecting members Social Security and disability checks, and determining when and how his disciples could communicate with their families. Larry Layton, a former member of the People's Temple cult, was sentenced today to life in prison for aiding and abetting in the murder of Representative Leo J. Ryan at a jungle airstrip in Guyana in November 1978. The temple sent Layton to school for training as an X-ray technician. [38][5][9] In 2013, the Brevard County Jail re-introduced chain gangs as a pilot project with the goal of deterring crime. I was almost one of them. Dr. Layton was from a world substantially different from the aristocratic one of his bride. 'A Tremendous Amount of Guilt'. Mrs. Layton got a large share of the proceeds, as well as money from the sale of stock they had owned Jointly; this also was given to the cult. Layton did so. American author, Youtuber and jewel thief, "Police hunt clues in Cannes jewelry heist; ex-jewel thief says it was a pro job", "Florida sheriff reintroduces chain gang", "Ex-jewel thief says of Kim K's purloined baubles: 'They're gone. While on the phone listening to the allegations that would soon be made public, Jones scribbled a note to his aides: We leave tonight.. Years later, after Lisa Layton Joined the People's Temple, she would tell other members of the cult that her husband had been antiSemitic and was ashamed of her being a Jew. The letters were presented during the hearing which resulted in a recommendation for Larrys release. After a few weeks, Layton grew "accustomed to the unusual smells in the food and drink. Jonestown: 13 Things You Should Know About Cult Mas. Earlier, United States Attorney Joseph P. Russoniello asked Judge Peckham to sentence the 40-year-old defendant to life in prison, serving a minimum of 20 years before being considered for parole. "The reason I did well," Layton says now, "is that I'm a little soldier and I follow orders so well.". The parole examiner said he was deeply troubled that Larry had remained in prison for so long well in excess of the five years recommended by the sentencing judge and noted Larrys exemplary behavior while in federal custody. All I could think was I am not going to make Grandma live through my funeral. It did not sit well with me. Layton was accused of conspiracy to murder in the November,1978, violence that triggered the mass deaths -- the airstrip attack on Rep. Leo Ryan and his party in which the congressman and four others were killed. That was the last moment I remember with any real clarity before I surrendered my body to the medical staff. Lawton gained notoriety for committing a string of jewelry store robberies along the Atlantic Seaboard prior to his arrest in 1996. But, as interviews last week with family members and friends revealed, the Laytons slowly disintegrated under the pressures of family conflict, the disillusionment that gripped much of America during the 1960's, drug use, and the soothing, simplistic appeal of Mr. Jones. Mr. Layton cried as his attorney described conditions at Jonestown and said that many prosecution witnesses must feel guilty for leaving loved ones behind to die. A few Temple members stood in front of a rusty dump truck waiting to shuttle us to the compound. Nevertheless, in 1991, a parole board ruled that Larry would have to serve 20 years, and set his release date for 2006. Five bullets hit me from point-blank range, piercing my right arm, leg, and back. So many people wanted to defect that we had to call Georgetown to request an extra plane. The article dissected Joness rise, revealing his practices of manipulation, public humiliation and fake faith healings, called out the Temples corrupt financial structure, and included ex-members testimonies of sexual assault and brutal beatings by Jones or at his command. He knew that Jones had considerable political clout, with close ties to Democratic leaders in San Francisco, Sacramento, and even with the State Department. Jones responded by telling them that if any actions were taken to remove John, the entire Jonestown population would commit suicide. Besides, when had a congressman ever been assassinated on foreign soil while on a congressional delegation trip? Don hung back for a moment before approaching Congressman Ryan and me at the picnic table and surreptitiously passing along the note. At Penn State, still barely able to speak English, she met Laurence Layton, who was studying for a doctorate in biochemistry and needed a tutor in German. We split up, as Jones had arranged. It felt like a Mack truck had just sped over me. His family, too, had had great wealth. He'd work you so hard you didn't have time to complain, and he'd blackmail you; he destroyed marriages and humiliated you.. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. He was born in the mountains of West Virginia, between White Sulphur Springs and Charleston, to a. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. The 35-year-old defendant is charged with conspiring to murder Representative Leo J. Ryan, the California Democrat who died Nov. 18, 1978, with three journalists and a temple defector in an ambush at an airstrip near Jonestown. ref: Benjy Esteves Jr Mark Consentino 94-95 Larry Layton 94-95 John McKaie 94-95 Deborah and Larry Layton were still with Mr. Jones at that point, having remained as key lieutenants even after his doctrine of good works and selflessness had begun to become an increasingly paranoid selfadulation. She used a telephone in the radio shack to call her sister in California, who arranged to have an airline ticket waiting for her at the airport in Georgetown, Guyana. [40] Lawton has also shown concern over the prevalence of fentanyl-laced heroin, noting that in the past dealers had tried to sell pure heroin without any additives. He was to use the skill when the flock made its planned migration to the Guyana settlement, which Jones already had picked out and named Jonestown. Layton was attracted to the Utopian principles of the temple and its multi-racial flock, living and working together under the guidance of Jones, a combination professed faith-healer and leftist political prophet. Her mother's cancer pain medications were taken away. If there is such a thing as a spirit or essence of people . After spending 18 years in Guyana jails and U.S. federal prisons, Larry Layton, the only man convicted on criminal charges arising from the events of November 18, 1978, was released in April 2002. But when Larry Layton was growing up in the 1920's, the land was not worth much. Your Privacy Choices (Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads). Mrs. Layton divorced her husband in 1975 and their home on the Berkeley hilltop was sold. And then I realized that confirming one tiny detail could mean that the worst of the testimonies were true. His father, an electrical engineer, died when Larry was 8 and the boy had to move in with his grandfather, a stern Methodist preacher. I admired Ryans worthy missions, but questioned if I shared his bottomless capacity to bear witness. To the tarmac. Initially discouraged, Larrys family pressed ahead with the petition for early release, collecting another 50 letters in support, including letters from former Temple members and critics, numerous religious leaders, and a former congressman. Last spring Deborah decided she had to escape. But as Hitler consolidated his power in the 1930's, her parents began to see the Nazi holocaust taking shape and they urged her to go to New York to join relatives there. His mother and father were cousins who had lived on adjoining estates, and in earlier generations the family's land, worked by slaves, had been prosperous. View Source Suggest Edits Memorial Photos Flowers Created by: Mike Added: 6 Apr 2021 Dr. Layton was from a world substantially different from the aristocratic one of his bride. "I was driving across the bridge," she says when asked why, after all these years, she wanted to revisit the horrors of Jonestown. When cameras were rolling, he spoke of how he loved them and how there would always be a place for thembut those declarations would be followed by thinly veiled mutters about treason and liars. As one of his top aides, I accompanied the delegation, venturing out on the ice floes where the clubbing took place. Larry's parole came two years earlier than his previously-scheduled release date of April 2004. On November 17, we landed at the tiny airstrip at Port Kaituma. Among them were Sams teenaged granddaughters. In the months leading up to the trip, my boss, Congressman Leo Ryan, had been contacted by worried constituents whose loved ones were members of a San Francisco-based religious group called the Peoples Temple, which had fled to South America for the promise of a utopian commune led by their preacher, Jim Jones. Congressman Ryan assured me that there was nothing to worry about. The U.S. trial was confined to the question of whether he plotted to kill Ryan and U.S. diplomat Richard Dwyer. Syringes surround one of the vats used to mix up the position drink used in the mass murder at Jonestown. The child talked her out of it. But it was the testimony of Vern Gosney, one of Larrys shooting victims at the Port Kaituma airstrip, who traveled from Hawaii for the sole purpose of attending the hearing and who delivered the most impassioned plea for Larrys release, that apparently made the difference. What an evil thing that Jim Jones did. [22] Fingerprint evidence connected Lawton to the October 1994 Palm Bay heist, and he was charged with that crime as well. In 1978, I went to Guyana on a fact-finding mission. A second jury convicted Larry, although four jurors took what the trial judge called an unprecedented step of asking for leniency in Larrys sentencing. [43] He also hosted a local talk radio show. Rep. Ryan and I arranged to meet her. Mr. Layton believes that his wife gave Mr. Jones at least $250,000 and possibly more; he said she had some secret accounts of her own that apparently contained money from her father. In 1970, as chairman of a committee overseeing prison reform, he assumed a pseudonym and had himself booked, strip-searched and incarcerated for 10 days at Folsom State Prison, revealing his. In 1965, after riots shook Watts, an African-American neighborhood in Los Angeles, Ryan briefly took a job there as a substitute teacher while serving in the state Assembly, and used the experience to shape education policy. Her childhood playmates included cousins and friends from some of the bestknown families of Germany's Jewish aristocracy, such as the Berensons and Rothschilds. The news at the time and the history lessons to follow usually fail to mention that a number of Peoples Temple members were shot, several of whom were in the field between the pavilion and the jungle, clearly trying to escape the massacre. Mrs. Layton saw Mr. Jones strip Larry of two wives. But I was one of very few women who held senior staff positions in Congress at the time, and I was concerned that if I gave in to my reluctance and let a male colleague go in my place, Id be setting back women in politics. [25] He received an additional sentence in 2002 for giving false witness. [10] Afterwards, another jewelry store in Lower Bucks County became suspicious of a person they believed was casing the place for a future robbery. Many hours before the plane came, somehow, word filtered in that after Jones had released his death squad to the airstrip, he had led more than 900 of his flock into his White Night of death. The other, Carolyn, became one of Mr. Jones's mistresses and also his principal fnancial adviser; it is not known whether she is alive. In a cabin with about six women from the Temple, I took a top bunk, sweating as a downpour opened up outside. Subsequently, she arranged to leave the settlement on an errand for Mr. Jones and left Guyana on May 13. NBC news correspondent Don Harris was part of our delegation, and was well versed on the accusations against Jones. Infants cannot commit suicide. Larry Layton had gotten onto the truck with us, which struck me as a glaring red flaghe was an entrenched member of the hierarchy, one of the true believers. In May 1978, she was sent by Jones to Georgetown to chaperone some Temple children on a cultural exchange. It was an implausible ending for the fiery preacher, who had curried favor among the fashionable elite of the Democratic Party. Her brother, Larry, later became the only person ever charged in connection with the airstrip massacre and, after two . The tumult of the late 60s and early 70s had left masses of people searching for a greater sense of security and purpose. [25], Law enforcement officials and judges have supported the program. Don put it in his pocket and took a few more steps before carefully unfolding it. Somehow, through the encroaching darkness of my final thoughts, I saw my 87-year-old Grandma Emma. Jim Jones led 912 followers in a ritual of murders and suicides. 1998-11-02 04:00:00 PDT CALIFORNIA -- For a young woman of 17, flinging herself on the world after the cloistered atmosphere of an English boarding school, Peoples Temple seemed daring and exciting. Family Tragedy: Hitler's Germany to Jones's Cult, https://www.nytimes.com/1978/12/04/archives/family-tragedy-hitlers-germany-to-joness-cult-the-layton-familys.html. After that trip, I remember telling myself that never again would I witness such violence at such close range. She mentioned a Bay Area couple, the Stoens, who had defected and were fighting for the return of their young son, John. Mr. Layton was also sentenced to three concurrent terms of 15 years each in related charges of conspiring to kill Mr. Ryan and in the attempted murder of a United States diplomat in the same incident. Leo Ryan assured me that there was nothing to worry about. Mrs. Layton's former husband, Dr. Laurence Layton, an eminent scientist, was left behind in Berkeley, Calif., having lost a wife and at least $250,000 that she gave to Mr. Jones. The "Greeting Committee" promptly confiscated all their clothes and belongings and, most important, their passports. Please help us get out of Jonestown. Soon after, Don was approached by another member, who claimed that many Temple members desperately wanted to leave but were too terrified to come forward. 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