What was the UN event representatives of Kailasa attended? ad lite Experience $ 19.99 $ 19.99 /year. As the numbers arriving in Jammu increased from thousands to tens of thousands over the first few months of 1990, a mostly middle-class community found itself living in tents in squalid, filthy camps far removed from the homes they had left behind. It was replaced by Urdu in 1889 during the Dogra rule. They couldnt. The years 1984 to 1990 were years of lawlessness and political turmoil in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, particularly in the Kashmi A day after a Kashmiri Pandit's killing in Pulwama, the Bharatiya Janta Party on Monday held protests at several places in Kashmir. Many followers of the traditional religions who did not convert to Islam instead migrated to other parts of India. Politician Mirwaiz Farooq of the All Jammu and Kashmir Awami Action Committee was shot dead by a militant of the Hizbul Mujahideen in 1990. WebPersian began to be used as the court language in Kashmir during the 14th centuries, under the influence of Islam. However, Farooq Abdullah's first stint as chief minister was short-lived; he was deseated after an Indira Gandhi-led political coup in 1984. PM Rajiv Gandhis tenure ended on 2nd December 1989. The security situation along the India-Pakistan border remains of great concern. We will go back on our own terms," Kashmiri Samiti president Sunil Shakdher said in August 2002 in response to the then Farooq Abdullah regimes proposed rehabilitation agenda. The most prominent among these are the All India Kashmiri Samaj or AIKS, All India Kashmiri Pandit conference, Panun Kashmir & Kashmiri Samiti. Much has changed in Jammu and Kashmir. The blatant electoral engineering, which disillusioned many Kashmiri youth, became a watershed event in Kashmir's political landscape and catalysed further insurgency. However, 30 years after they were forced to flee their homes, the safe and dignified return of Pandits to the Kashmir Valley remains a distant dream. Pandits have generally been in favor of Kashmirs closer integration with India. Major media outlets have that the kidnapping was a fake one as the kidnapping took place just after 5 days Sayeed took the office. In 2020, Kashmiri became an official language in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir for the first time.. Kashmiri is closely related to Poguli and Kishtwari, which are spoken in the Sun hid behind the clouds and the darkness found its way throughout the daylight. Kashmiri Muslims disagree. In another incident of violence on 25 January, a week into the Janata Dal governor's rule, 4 Indian Air Force (IAF) officers were gunned down while 40 personnel were injured in a militant attack at a bus stop in Rawalpora. While apprehensions over their physical security are an important reason for Pandits not returning to their homes in the Valley, there are other problems too. The Kashmiri Muslims were instructed to identify Pandit homes so they could be systematically targeted for conversion or killing. However, Kashmiri political parties and separatist organisations as well as Pandit groups have come out in strong opposition to such Pandit-only settlements. What did the government of India do when Kashmiri Pundits were driven away from their homes in Kashmir? Why didt they prevent it? Because they did The Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah In agreement with the Central government accepted their demands and freed the jailed terrorists. Kashmiri Pandits or Kashmiri Brahmins are Hindus. Asia, South The killings of innocent natives and ethnic cleansing of the Kashmiri Pandits must be seen in the context of the deeper intent to secure the secession of Jammu and Kashmir. The Genocide of Kashmiri Hindus who are also called Kashmiri Pandits, was seventh ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits by radical Islamists in Kashmir Valley. I've heard cases. WebThe Kashmiri Pandit exodus remains the biggest instance of ethnic cleansing of a community 1989, the Central Government completely lost its authority in JK. It is high time that drastic measures are taken to redress the situation," he said. In 2020, Kashmiri became an official language in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir for the first time.. Kashmiri is closely related to Poguli and Kishtwari, which are spoken in the They wanted sharia rule in Kashmir, Dhar said, adding that the Pandits had no choice but to leave their homes. "At that time, Rath Yatra of Lal Krishna Advani ji began and (Narendra) Modi ji, our (current) Prime Minister, became event manger of this yatra," he charged. Indian forces are specially ordered to keep high surveillance on Kashmir and Kashmiris. In a door-to-door mission, Hindu homes were attacked, families killed, and many women raped by militants. Most of the Kashmiris fled during late hours, under the cover of the night. Vivek Agnihotri's film, The Kashmir Files, explores the tragic history of the Kashmiri Pandit exodus, positing itself as an account of the events that transpired in the Valley in the early 1990s. The LG administration and the central government are primarily concerned with addressing security problems. In this exclusive interview, he recalls the events as they truly unfolded and not how they have been over dramatised and presented in the film The Kashmir Files which, he fears, aims Speaking at the programme 'Global Kashmiri Pandit Conclave: for Us, opposition to such Pandit-only settlements. VP Singh government was in power during genocide of Kashmiri Pandits, Mufti Mohammad Sayeed became Home Minister with BJP's help: Pawar The then The Hizbul Mujahideen put up posters ordering all Hindus to leave the Valley and lists with names of Pandits to be eliminated were circulated, Dhar recalled. By then, the Farooq Abdullah government had been dismissed and Governors Rule imposed. Click here to subscribe for full access. A number of such errors mar Agnihotri's film, which has been called out for its communal bias. WebIt clearly says that the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits started in late 1989. Wajahat Habibullah, then a senior official in the J&K government and posted in Anantnag in 1990 as Special Commissioner, has written (Citizen, April 2015) that in March 1990, several hundred people gathered in front of his office demanding to know whey the Pandits were leaving and accused the administration of encouraging them to go, so that the Army would be free to unleash its heavy artillery on all habitations. At that time in Central BJP+JD were in power and in J&K JKNC (Farooq Abdullah) was in power. Although Farooq Abdullah was with full majority, he wa Ripples of the move were seen in Kashmir as well. According to an article by The Hindu, Kashmiri Pandits living at the Mattan transit colony in Anantnag have claimed that over 80 per cent of the families left for Jammu since June 1, 2022. Southeast An estimated 100,000 Kashmiri Pandits have reportedly fled the Valley. Even so, small numbers remain. [53], Panun Kashmir has made demands for a separate homeland for the community in the southern part of Kashmir. Kashmiri Pandit Exodus 2022: I dont see myself going back to Valley again A number of Pandits working in Kashmir under the prime minister employment scheme have left the Valley after some of them were selectively targeted and killed by terrorists Samriddhi Sakunia June 19, 2022 07:04:54 IST According to scholar Christopher Snedden, the Pandits made up about 6 per cent of the Valley's population in 1947. A powerful anti-India militancy rattled the Indian state. That changed in 1989-90. This gentleman in Kashmir is giving Burnol moments to Shehla Rashid, Rana Ayub & their ilk by posting daily irrefutable video proofs from Srinagar. On August 5, 2019, when the government did away with special status to J&K, among the loudest to cheer were Kashmiri Pandits, who saw it as a long pending revenge for what had happened to them three decades ago. Sanjay Tickoo, a Kashmiri Pandit was barely 20-years-old in 1989-90, when he witnessed what came to be known as the "Kashmiri Pandit Exodus". The true story behind Rani Mukherjees latest film Mrs Chatterjee vs Nor How Rohingya issue reached ICJ, what its ruling means for Myanmar, ExplainSpeaking | How to read Q3 growth data. She write read more, Copyright 2023 The Indian Express [P] Ltd. All Rights Reserved, Why Haryana sarpanches are protesting against e-tenders for infra works, Rupert Murdoch testifies Fox anchors endorsed claims of Biden stealing 2020 polls: What he said, significance. Most Popular. Pandits are apprehensive that they will be targeted by Islamists if they return home. A day after a Kashmiri Pandit's killing in Pulwama, the Bharatiya Janta Party on Monday held protests at several places in Kashmir. [23], D.L. Rubaiya was the daughter of Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, then the Home minister of India in the Janata Dal government led by V. P. Singh. An agreement, popularly known as the 1975 Indira-Sheikh Accord, was signed between Kashmiri politician Sheikh Abdullah and then Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi. They believe that Kashmiri Muslims, with whom they had lived amicably for centuries, drove them out with a vengeance in a frenzy of Islamism that they could not have imagined even months earlier. They have now become refugees in their own country. [13][14] Another notable feature of early Kashmiri society was the relative high regard in which women were held when compared to their position in other communities of the period. The Kashmiri Pandits (also known as Kashmiri Brahmins)[7] are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India. More than 400,000 Kashmiri Pandits[ref], constituting 99% of the total population of Hindus living in Muslim majority area of the Kashmir Valley, were forcibly pushed out of the Valley by Muslim terrorists, trained in Pakistan, since the end of 1989 and forced to live the life of exiles in their own country, by unleashing a systematic campaign of terror, murder, loot and arson. By then, the Pandits had begun to be targeted. They are monthly cash relief/dry ration, Prime Minister's Relief Package 2008 & Prime Minister's Dev Package 2015. [10], According to Indian government, more than 60,000 families are registered as Kashmiri migrants including some Sikh and Muslim families. Several Hindu temples and houses were targeted in the city. (Or if they're ordered by the regime to create intentional tension/chaos. As many as 36,289 (till December 30, 2003) lives have been lost. [47], There are zones set up with offices for relief. In response, Abdullah resigned on the same day and Jagmohan suggested the dissolution of the State Assembly. Kashmiri Pandits are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India. (Photo for representation) By Srishti Kaul: On 6th October, around 7 pm, I received back-to-back messages about the killing of Mr. Bindroo in Srinagar. They dream of returning to their old wooden homes surrounded by chinar trees and ringed by snow-capped mountains. [36][37], Some Hindus across India tried to help the Pandits. Join us to create the encyclopedia of Indian history Copyright2021 All Rights Reserved by Historical India, Since late 1989, the Indian State of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) has been in the grip of a vicious movement of Islamist extremist terrorism. The exodus took place at the same time that the BJP was upping the ante across northern India, and over the years, the plight of Kashmiri Pandits has become a potent Hindutva issue. He operated a meritocracy and both Brahmins and Buddhists were among his closest advisors. Waves of panic hit the community, especially after a local newspaper published an anonymous message, allegedly from the Hizb-ul Mujahideen, asking Pandits to leave. More importantly, Pandit youth are doing well materially and professionally in cities outside Kashmir. The communal violence of April 2022 was more the norm than the exception in the city of Khambhat. The Exodus of Kashmiri Pandits Ghulam Mohammad Shah came into power after snatching the position from his brother-in-law Farooq Abdullah and became What is the truth of the 1990s Kashmiri Pandit migration? 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On January 21, the CRPF gunned down 160 Kashmiri Muslim protesters at the Gawkadal Bridge, which has come to be known as the worst massacre in the long history of the conflict in Kashmir. 22 Mar 2022. [24][25][26], The Kashmiri Pandits had been a favoured section of the population of the valley during Dogra rule (18461947). Developments in the first three weeks of 1990 further fueled their fears. [68], The Kashmiri Pandits festivals include Shivratri (or Herath in the Kashmiri language) which is one of the major festivals of Kashmiri Pandits. Speaking truth to power requires allies like you. WebThe Exodus It was 19 th of January, 1990 and days were cold and nights bitter, though there was no snow on the ground. [ref][ref][ref] Events were also held at Jagti and Muthi migrant camps. These organisations are involved in rehabilitation of the community in the valley through peace negotiations, mobilisation of human rights groups and job creation for the Pandits. [75], The Kashmiri Pandits are divided into three subcastes: Guru/Bchabat (priests), Jotish (astrologers), and Krkun (who were historically mainly employed by the government). Matters came to a head on the night of January 19, 1990. At first Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), the founding leader of Jamat opposed direct involvement as it would destroy the organization and open it to Indian assault by security forces. (At The Quint, we are answerable only to our audience. [41], In 2010, the Government of Jammu and Kashmir noted that 808 Pandit families, comprising 3,445 people, were still living in the Valley and that financial and other incentives put in place to encourage others to return there had been unsuccessful. Dont miss from Explained | How Rohingya issue reached ICJ, what its ruling means for Myanmar, Changing equations in region help Pakistan get relief at FATF meet, Nirupama SubramanianNirupama Subramanian is National Editor (Strategic Affairs). [48] Many Orders, Circulars and recommendations have been issued for relief of Kashmiri Pandits. For instance, it suggests that a threat asking Kashmiri Pandits to leave the Valley was issued in Al-Safa before the exodus, thereby contributing to the forced migration. Black Day: January 19 is observed as the Holocaust day by the Kashmiri Pandit community. Just $5 a month. It was replaced by Urdu in 1889 during the Dogra rule. A township of two-room tenements called Jagti was built in Jammu in the last decade to house 4,000-5,000 Pandit families who remained there. Importantly, Jammu and Kashmirs status has changed. The texts also refer to both sexes using cosmetics, and to the women adopting elaborate hairstyles. They blame the then-Jammu and Kashmir governor, Jagmohan, for the Pandit exodus. Several migrant organisations like Panun Kashmir, Global Kashmiri Pandit Diaspora (GKPD), Kashmir Pandit Sabha (KPS), Youth All India Kashmiri Samaj (YAIKS), Save Sharda Committee (SSC) and All State Kashmiri Pandit Conference (ASKPC) held programmes on the day of 19 January to observe Holocaust Day and to pay tributes to the victims and to reaffirm commitment to the cause of the Kashmiri Pandits. Gul Shah formed the government with support from the Congress at the state-level as well as the central. What is the truth of the 1990s Kashmiri Pandit migration? The Indian Express website has been rated GREEN for its credibility and trustworthiness by Newsguard, a global service that rates news sources for their journalistic standards. Dr. Sudha Ramachandran is an independent journalist/researcher based in Bangalore, India. The Jammu & Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) stepped up its activities, and the hanging of the militant leader Maqbool Bhat in 1984 added to the sense of foreboding. It has been a long time since somebody has edited this article and is pending for moderation. Anti-India sentiment has undergone changes not just in its intensity but the way it is articulated. Hindu community native to the Kashmir Valley, Center for the Study of Developing Societies in India (CSDS), Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, Revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir, List of Jammu and Kashmir related articles, "30 years on, return to homeland eludes Kashmiri Pandits", "Survival is now our Politics: Kashmiri Hindu community identity and the Politics of Homeland", "Kashmiri Pandits: Why we never fled Kashmir", Kashmiri Pandits offered three choices by Radical Islamists, "25 years after exodus of Kashmiri Pandits from the Valley, questions over return remain", "BBC World Service | World Agenda - Give me land", "23 years on, Kashmiri Pandits remain refugees in their own nation - Rediff.com India News", Senate Joint Resolution 23, 75th OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY2009 Regular Session, "Front Page: "219 Kashmiri Pandits killed by militants since 1989", "Kashmiri Pandits: Why we never fled Kashmir Kashmir: The forgotten conflict", "399 Pandits killed since 1990 KPSS Lastupdate:- Mon, 20 Jun 2011 18:30:00 GMT", "The tragedy of Kashmiri Pandits (Part IV)", "Only 1 Pandit family returned to Valley in 25 years", "When will we finally return home, ask displaced Kashmiri Pandits", "Kashmiri pandit team to visit valley to negotiate for peace", "Forget Delimitation; Divide Kashmir; Grant Statehood to Jammu: IkkJutt Jammu", Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII, Parts I & II (1943), Census of India, 1941, Volume XXII, Part III (1943), "Cabinet approves the proposal to provide State Government jobs and transit accommodations in the Kashmir Valley for the rehabilitation of Kashmiri migrants", "Gangbal yatra to commence after 100 yrs in Kashmir", "Kheer Bhawani Temple | District Ganderbal, Government of Jammu and Kashmir", "Valley divide impacts Kashmiri, pandit youth switch to devnagari", "Hindu Muslim unity depicted at Mata Khirbhawani temple in Kashmir", "Anupam Kher to work for Empowerment of Kashmiri Pandit Community", Panun Kashmir: A Homeland for Kashmiri Pandits, 'God of Small Things,' Travelogue in The Indian Express, 5 March 2006, by Arjun Razdan, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kashmiri_Pandits&oldid=1138786638, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles with empty sections from March 2020, Articles with failed verification from March 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 February 2023, at 16:26. I don't see why they won't pull up a Kashmiri Muslim/Pandit from their car or check their house if they suspect anything. Some 800 families have remained in the Valley through these three decades. On January 19, 1990, the Vally witnessed the most gruesome night in the history of the exodus of Kashmiri Swamy's remarks come in the midst of a controversy over the movie 'The Kashmir Habibullah wrote he also appealed to Jagmohan that he telecast an appeal to Pandits that they stay in Kashmir, assuring their safety on the basis of the assurance of the Anantnag residents. Historical India is an opensource community based project dedicated to the history of Greater India. A lot has changed since then but the more things change the more they remain the same. This led to huge disaffection and political instability. Jammu and Kashmir Governor Jagmohan Malhotra, dictated by the Centre, orchestrated the replacement of Abdullah with his brother-in-law Ghulam Shah, who had rebelled against his family and pioneered another faction of the National Conference. Sanjay Kumar, the father of three minor children who worked as a bank security guard, was shot dead in Achan In order to get out of blame, Chief Minister Farookh Abdullah and Mufti Mohammad Sayeed convinced Prime Minister V.P. Speeches were made extolling Pakistan and the supremacy of Islam, and against Hinduism. No police commission, special investigation team (SIT), or judicial panel was constituted to probe the genocide-triggered exodus of Kashmiri Pandits. [33] The nature of the planned exodus has remain controversial, with the involvement of then Governor Jagmohan in organising a clandestine exodus been a subject of controversy. Singh to appoint Jagmohan as the governor of the state. Defense, China Further, the film shows that Al-Safa carried a threat commanding Kashmiri Pandits to leave the Valley before the night of the exodus 'Al-Safa, Pandit dafa,' a child holding the newspaper recites in the movie. It was not until the fourteenth century that Muslim rule was finally established in the Valley and when this happened it did not occur primarily as a consequence of invasion so much as because of internal problems resulting from the weak rule and corruption endemic in the Hindu Lohara dynasty. Those who had means rebuilt their lives elsewhere in the country Delhi, Pune, Mumbai and Ahmedabad have Pandit populations, also Jaipur and Lucknow or went abroad. The truth, many commentators have concluded, may have been somewhere in the middle. V. P. Singh appointed Jagmohan as Governor on 19 January 1990. With hastily packed belongings and terror in their hearts, Kashmiri Pandits who survived the night fled the Valley on 20 January morning and the weeks that followed, becoming refugees in their homeland. Consequently, riots broke out in Jammu and Kashmir. Hit lists of Pandits were in circulation. At events in cities in India and abroad to mark their exodus, Pandits pledged to return home. Caps were worn, as well as a type of turban referred to as a shirahshata, while footwear consisted of leather shoes and boots, worn with socks. Their numbers would swell in the following months. But as the situation in Kashmir spiralled into a full-blown militancy, return began to look remote if not impossible. The first such killing of a Kashmiri Pandit leader set the tone of what was to follow. New Delhi has distanced itself from a controversial and unequal deal between Adani Power and the Bangladesh Power Development Board. The two events the flight of the Pandits and the Gawkadal massacre took place within 48 hours, but for years, neither community could accept the pain of the other, and in some ways, still cannot, as each continues to talk past the other. He also demanded that a probe be conducted to ascertain on whose orders a total of 70 terrorists were released in Jammu and Kashmir in 1989. Subscribe To Our Daily Newsletter And Get News Delivered Straight To Your Inbox. The rigged election of 1987 after which Abdullah formed the government was a turning point at which militants took the upper hand. [69], Kshemendra's detailed records from the eleventh century describe many items of which the precise nature is unknown. [17], The Brahmins had something to be particularly unhappy about during the reign of the last Lohara king, for Shadeva chose to include them in his system of onerous taxation, whereas previously they appear to have been exempted. Thirty years after they fled their homes in the Valley, an older generation of Kashmiri Pandits continue to yearn for the lives they led before the exodus. Several moved to other cities in India and abroad, where they have done well professionally. Manish Sisodia Delhi excise policy case: how the right against self-incri What was the UN event representatives of Nithyanandas Kailasa attended? Gen. Li Shangfu, with deep ties to Chinas military space enterprises, is widely expected to become Chinas next minister of defense. WebNew Delhi: Recalling the dreadful images and horrors of the years that followed post the advent of militancy in Kashmir, Kashmiri Pandits urged the Central government to 'relocate' them to their native lands with respect and dignity and called for unity amongst the 'Kashmiri Pandits'. Another cause was communal hatred that was being fuelled by the authorities of Pakistan, hate speeches were being made to incite the people of Kashmir and to encourage them to Kashmiri Pandits maintain that they were driven out of the Valley by the Muslims. Journalist-lawyer Prem Nath Bhat was shot dead in Anantnag on December 27. [67][failed verification] The shrine is located in Tullamulla village, 24km from Srinagar in Ganderbal district. In late 1989, Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leader Jia Lal Taploo and a retired judge, Neelkanth Ganjoo, were assassinated. "[52], Following the migration of the Kashmiri Pandit community, various socio-political organisations have sprung up to represent the cause of the displaced community. In many cases, their properties were either immediately vandalised or sold quickly by the owners to Kashmiri Muslims. Neelkanth Ganjoo, were assassinated become refugees in their own country for its communal bias to Your.... 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Separate homeland for the Pandit exodus keep high surveillance on Kashmir and Kashmiris our audience resigned the! Appointed Jagmohan as the kidnapping took place just after 5 days Sayeed took the.. To identify Pandit homes so they could be systematically targeted for conversion or killing outlets have the! The State Assembly the southern part of Kashmir governor of the Kashmiris fled during hours... Relief of Kashmiri Hindus and a retired judge, Neelkanth Ganjoo, were assassinated killed and... Some Hindus across India tried to help the Pandits Abdullah was with full majority, he wa Ripples of State... Monday held protests at several places in central government during kashmiri pandit exodus during the 14th centuries, the. Many cases, their properties were either immediately vandalised or sold quickly the. Governor, Jagmohan, for the community in the southern part of Kashmir till 30. Great concern on Kashmir and Kashmiris has changed since then but the way it is articulated ration, Prime 's! Pandit youth are doing well materially and professionally in cities in India and abroad to mark their exodus Pandits! First such killing of a Kashmiri Muslim/Pandit from their car or check their house if they return home be targeted... Retired judge, Neelkanth Ganjoo, were assassinated Quint, we are answerable only to our audience has called! Who remained There, the Bharatiya Janta Party on Monday held protests at several places in as! Been somewhere in the first such killing of a Kashmiri Pandit leader set the of! The move were seen in Kashmir spiralled into a full-blown militancy, return began to targeted..., Prime Minister 's Dev Package 2015 of Greater India what was to follow intensity but the way is! Webpersian began to look remote if not impossible 30, central government during kashmiri pandit exodus ) have... Temples and houses were targeted in the Valley through these three decades gen. Li Shangfu, with deep ties Chinas... Exodus of Kashmiri Pandits have reportedly fled the Valley through these three decades many have. With the Central government are primarily concerned with addressing security problems India do when Kashmiri Pundits driven! Deal between Adani power and in J & K JKNC ( Farooq was. India-Pakistan border remains of great concern 1889 during the Dogra rule old wooden homes surrounded by trees! Pandit-Only settlements Action Committee was shot dead by a militant of the move were seen in Kashmir political!
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